Tecnólogo en Sistemas de Información, salud Ocupacional y Medio Ambiente.
4.1.5.1 PROGRAMA: IDENTIDAD CULTURAL
4.2 GIRARDOTA COMPETITIVA SOSTENIBLE Y SUSTENTABLE COMPONENTE: COMPETITIVIDAD, PRODUCTIVIDAD Y EMPLEO
4.2.1.1. PROGRAMA: COMPETITIVIDAD
The reaction activation energy, Ea, of the ketonisation of carboxylic acids was measured
under differential conditions at an acid conversion ˂ 10%. The Zn-Cr (10:1) catalyst was diluted with silica, using 0.16 g of Aerosil-300 to 0.04 g of catalyst. Under differential conditions (conversion <10%), the reaction rate becomes approximately linearly proportional to the change in conversion. Therefore, the activation energy can be calculated directly from the incremental change in conversion.50 The activation energy was calculated using the Arrhenius equation (Equations 2.11 and 2.12).
𝑘 = 𝐴𝑒−𝐸𝑎𝑅𝑇
(2.11) ln(𝑘) =−𝐸𝑎
𝑅 ×
1
𝑇+ ln (𝐴)
(2.12)
Here, k is the reaction rate constant, A is the pre-exponential factor, Ea is the activation
energy, R is the gas constant and T is the absolute temperature. A plot of ln(conversion) against 1/T gives a straight line, from which the activation energy can be determined under differential conditions, acid conversion can be used instead of rate constant. Thus, when the conversion log was plotted against the inverse of the temperature (K) and a straight line drawn through the plots, the gradient of this line represented –Ea/R, from
which the activation energy could be deduced.29 In this study, the activation energy for the deoxygenation of propionic acid in gas phase over Zn-Cr (10:1) is presented in Chapter 5, section 5.4.
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